Saturday, 6 August 2011

METHODS OF CONTRACEPTION


 a. Spacing for temporary methods
   1. Barrier-methods:
 (i) Physical methods
         Condom
         Vaginal diaphragm
         Cervical cap
         Vaginal sponge
     (ii) Chemical methods
         Foams
         Creams, jellies and pastes
         Suppositories
         Soluble films.
2. Intrauterine contraceptive devices (IUCD)
3. Hormonal methods
            (i) Oral pills
         combined pill- estrogen and progesteron
         Mini-pill-progestogen only pill (POP)
         Sequential pill - 2 weeks estrogen only and then in 3rd weeks both estrogen and  progestogen.
         Male Pill
         Post coital pill-
Once-a-month (long acting pill)

    (ii) Depot (slow releasing) preparations
         Injectables : Depot provera
         Subcutaneous implants : Norplant
         Vaginal rings.
   (iii) IUCD releasing hormone : progestasert

(4) Post conceptional methods (termination of     pregnancy)
         Menstrual regulation (MR)
         Menstrual induction (MI)

(5) Behavioral methods (traditional methods)     
         Sexual abstinence
         Incomplete coitus
ü  cotius interrupts
ü  cotius reservatus (carezzas)
ü  cotius interfemora
         Natural  Methods
ü  Safe period (Rhythm method)
ü  Basal body temperature method
ü  Cervical mucus method
ü  Sympto thermic method
ü  Breast-feeding
ü  Sex without coitus.
(6) Contraceptive immunization
        -Birth control vaccine

b. Terminal or permanent methods(sterilization)
         Male sterilization – Vasectomy
         Female sterilization – Tubal ligation or tubectomy
Contraception methods suitable for Bangladesh
         The couple having two or more children. Sterilization is the best method.
         The second choice is different hormonal preparations either oral or parenteral (female partner) along with condom (male partner).
         Intrauterine contraceptive devices like ‘copper T’ is the third choice of contraception.

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